Background: Traditional medicine still plays an important role in the Iraqi health care system. Large proportion of population profoundly rely on Folk medicine to meet their health needs which makes their safety questionable. As herbalists contribute largely to public health, it is imperative to evaluate their practice and knowledge of herbal medicine to ensure safety of their clients...
Background: There is a growing evidence for the use of pseudo-customer for the evaluation of community pharmacist’s disease management, counseling and advice. Objectives: To evaluate community pharmacist assessment, management and advice giving provided to pregnant women complaining of cough. Additionally, to identify the factors that contributes to the community pharmacist prescribing...
Abstract:
Using the Theory of planned behavior model developed by Ajzen in 1985, the authors measured the influence of attitude (ATT) towards vitamins, health awareness (HA), perceived behavioral control (PBC), subjective norms (SN), and the knowledge of covid-19 (KN) on the purchasing intention (PI) of vitamins in Kuwait during the period of COVID-19. 587 Adults living in Kuwait completed...
Medical guidelines are defined as systematically developed statements to assist practitioners in making decisions on an appropriate health care for specific circumstances .The movement towards guidelines has been gaining ground quickly over the past years, as it is propelled by clinicians, legislators and organizations who are concerned about quality, consistency and costs. The aim of this...
Introduction:
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with high morbidity and disability.
Objective:
The aim of the current study was to assess the perceived medication related burden among a sample of Iraqi patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and to determine its possible association with disease activity.
Patients and method:
...
Abstract
Measurement of the physio-chemical properties such as pH, turbidity, ,total dissolve solids and the heavy metals including cadmium, chromium, copper, and lead (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb) content was the aim of this research to assess the water quality in Basra city, Iraq.
In this research, the water samples were collected from two main water stations to measure the physiochemical...
Assessment the Cytotoxic Effect and
Phytochemical Constituents of Ethyl acetate fraction of Iraqi Cassia galuca on Esophagus Cancer Cells
Abstract
Cell lines obtained from cancer cells are usually used in experiments, such as representative to cancer and to come up with a new treatments. The aim of the study is to explore the chemical constituents and assessment the anticancer activity...
Abstract
Purpose: the work aimed at isolation and characterization some bioactive constituent(s)from aerial part of lactuca serriola hance by CombiflashNEXTGEN and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Method: lactuca serriola was extracted with hexan and then 250mg of hexan extract mix with 4g slica gel and loaded in cartilage then bounded to gold colum of comi flash using a...
This study aimed to develop an oral drug delivery system for gastroretentive sustained drug release of baclofen by using a 3D printed capsular device since baclofen has a short half-life of 2.5 to 4 hours and has a narrow absorption window. Firstly sustained-release tablets of baclofen were formulated through the hot-melt extrusion of various thermoplastic polymers and direct compression of...
Cost-effectiveness analysis of Infliximab (Remicade) and its biosimilar (Remsima) in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Hasan Raid,
Objective was to conduct cost-effective analyses between infliximab reference (Remicade) and its biosimilar (Remsima) in patients diagnosed with RA in Iraqi hospitals.
Method: This retrospective multicenter study recruited RA patients who received at least...
Resveratrol and Baicalein are well known polyphenolic compounds that belong to stilbene and flavone subclasses respectively. Combination of natural polyphenolic compounds with chemotherapeutic agents is recently being a novel strategy in cancer therapy researches owing to their potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that modulate several intracellular signaling pathways.
This...
ABSTRACT
Two-pore channels (TPCs) are Ca2+-permeable endolysosomal ion channels responsible for calcium release from acidic stores in response to the second messenger nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). Recently, TPCs have emerged as a promising drug target. Although the pharmacology of TPCs a still in its infancy level and the mechanism of their activation by ligands is...
Bashar G. Alfetlawi, Ali L. Jasim
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial diseases. Globally, 150 million people are diagnosed with UTIs annually, which cost more than 6 billion US dollars. UTIs are a spectrum of diseases ranging from simple cystitis to serious infections...
Abstract
Drug information resources are the discovery, utilization, and management of information in medications usage. Despite the importance and the availability of diverse resources, little information is known about the types of resources commonly used by pharmacists in Iraq. The objectives of this study were to determine the type of drug information resources do the pharmacists used...
Fluoxetine (FX) is an antidepressant drug administered only orally in humans. Despite the wide use of FX, until now, there is only limited literature concerning the pharmacokinetics (PK) of FX and the effect of food on its PK. Thus, the objective of this investigation was to study the PK of FX in Arabic healthy male adult volunteers under fasting and fed conditions. In the fasting study, FX 20...
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological illness had been described as repeated seizures associated with abnormal neurological activities in the brain. Epilepsy affects nearly fifty million people worldwide, with 85 percent of them living in developing countries. Vitamin D2 (VD2) is ergocalciferol (made from ergosterol). Genetic disorders related to vitamin D metabolism are dysfunction of generally...
Lack of safe available nonresistant treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) limiting the complete cure with toxic side effects or less effective leading to disease relapse light the way to the search for imperative drugs from natural resources with several herbal extracts have been shown to have antileishmanial activity. In the present study, the comparative in vitro anti-leishmania...
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and experience of off-label prescribing practice among physicians working in public hospitals in Baghdad city. This cross-sectional study was performed from November 1st 2018 to March 2019 in 17 public hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq. The targeted hospitals were randomly selected at different regions in Baghdad City. A...
This submission is for 1st day live in-person presentation
Clinical Pharmacy Submission (by Dr Ali Azeez )
The skin has been a major route for delivery of a wide range of drugs both locally and systemically. Transdermal drug delivery system (TDD) has been widely applied for local and systemic delivery of drugs. Transdermal drug delivery system has been be applied to deliver drugs systemically as an alternative for oral route due to multiple reasons such as the elimination of gastric irritation...
Metformin can be used alone or in combination with other oral hypoglycemic agents or with insulin. However, it has some side effects like gastro-intestinal disturbances and low oral bioavailability which remains the main drawback of oral administration of metformin.
Cinnamaldehyde is an essential volatile oil found in cinnamon bark, has antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant...
Abstract
Nefopam (N.F.) HCl is a non-narcotic centrally-acting, non-opioid benzoxazocine analgesic to relieve acute and chronic pain. It exhibits low bioavailability (about 36%) due to its first-pass degradation in the liver and shows several common side effects related to peripheral action of N.F. HCl, such anticholinergic side effects include urinary retention, dry mouth, and...
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a flu-like infection caused by a novel virus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). After the wide spread around the world it was announced by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global pandemic. The symptoms of COVID-19 may arise within 2 weeks and the severity ranged from mild with signs of respiratory infection to...
Histone acetylation is a highly interesting epigenetic target for drug therapy. Histone deacetylase enzymes (HDACs) are overexpressed in several diseases including, cancers. Most of the clinically used HDAC inhibitors involve the hydroxamate group as a zinc-binding group (ZBG). Hydroxamates have a poor pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile. Therefore, developing non-hydroximate HDAC inhibitors...
Abstract:- COVID-19, a new strain of coronavirus (CoV), has affected more than 200 countries and received worldwide attention. Till now, there is no specific therapies or vaccines are available, and investigations concerning COVID-19 treatment are lacking. The aim behind our study is to evaluate the efficacy of several medicinal plant-based bioactive compounds against COVID-19 main protease,...
formulation of azithromycin tablet by inclusion complex of Azithromycin with hydroxy propyl beta cyclodextrin and manufactured by direct method as tablet, measuring the dissolution rate ,stability study on storage for long term, determination by developed HPLC method .
Background and aim: Angiogenesis is defined as the creation of new blood vessels
that have been generated from pre- existing vessels by the stimulation of
endothelial cells. Herbal extracts that have antiangiogenic activity and low toxicity
can increase the focus on using natural sources an important therapeutic agent for
treatment of different diseases including tumors. The present...
Isolation, structural characterization and identification of quercitrin and essential oil in Cupressus sempervirens L. leaves growing in Iraq
Abstract
Cupressus sempervirens L., Cupressaceae, commonly known as evergreen cypress, Mediterranean cypress and in Arabic called “al -Sarw. it is an evergreen, medium sized, longevity, and wide distributed over all the world. C....
Abstract
Back ground: Emergency contraceptives (ECs) are indicated for preventing the chance of unintended pregnancy that follows unprotected sexual intercourse in cases of contraceptive failure and in sexual assault. It is considered as safe choice to prevent pregnancy than abortion which is life threating.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice...
Background of study: New norms need to be adapted during COVID-19 pandemic period where people need to wear masks, wash their hands frequently, maintain social distancing and avoid going out unless to buy the necessities. Therefore, educational institutions were closed to minimize the spread of COVID-19. As a result of this, online education was adapted to substitute the physical...
Introduction: Routine vaccination activities, such as detection, reporting, and management of AEFIs, are generally handled by healthcare providers (HCPs). Safe vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were introduced to control of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objectives: Assess the knowledge, perceptions, and practice of HCPs in Iraq about reporting adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination. Also to assess...
ABSTRACT
This work, for the first time, lupeol proof of existence as a novel metabolite in the Iraqi Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae) was the mainstay issue by identification of different phytochemicals compounds in the aerial Iraqi Leucaena leucocephala tree parts (leaves and stems) by using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) technique and according to the part of the plant used...
Abstract
Myelosuppression is one of the serious adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy that lead to life threatening febrile neutropenia. Cyclophosphamide (Cyc), a widely used anticancer drug, induces severe myelosuppression. Nigella sativa seed oil (NG oil), a well-known plant extract that widely used for various health conditions. This study aims to evaluate the myeloprotective activity of...
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disorder that is a serious health concern all over the globe, it is linked to Interleukin-10 (IL-10) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the promotor region. On the other hand, diabetes influences the cellular and humoral immunity predisposing the patient to a variety of opportunistic parasites one of them is Toxoplasma gondii (T....
The aim of study was to explore pharmacist perceptions toward implementation and impact of new health insurance plan on Iraqi health system, providers and patients.
Methods
This was a qualitative study. The study included face-to-face semi-structured interviews with experienced pharmacists working in public healthcare settings. The interview guide included open-ended questions covering...
Posaconazole (PCZ) is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal drug.
According to the biopharmaceutical classification system, PCZ is classed as a
Class II (high permeability/low solubility) drug. Poor solubility results in poor
oral bioavailability (~50%) of PCZ, and gastrointestinal complaints were the
most common drawbacks associated with available oral dosage forms in the
markets....
Topical drug administration is a mean by which various types of dosage forms such
as ointments, creams, gels and emulgels are applied at a specific site of the body
such as skin, ophthalmic, vagina and various parts of gastrointestinal tract to
give either local or systemic effect. Nimesulide is non-steroidal anti inflammatory drug (NSAID) which has good anti-inflammatory, analgesic and...
ABSTRACT
Objective: The main purpose of this study was to develop an oral liquid preparation (floating oral in situ gel system) by using nontoxic, biocompatible and biodegradable gel forming ingredients for delivery of Montelukast Sodium that increase the convenience of administration and produce a correct therapeutic amount of drug, in addition to produce a sustained release of drug by...
: Nanosuspension is a term that can be used to describe a colloidal dispersion of nanosized droplets of the drug in an aqueous medium, with size below 1μm. Drug nanoparticles are one of the most significant methods that reduce constituent part diameter and increasing surface area, leading to improve dissolution and oral bioavailability of hydrophobic medicines, which is enhances drug...
Background
Antimicrobial resistance(AMR) is a potentially disastrous problem that is mounting Globally. The surveillance studies are vital to contain the spread of AMR by creating evidence for national and global management and actions. the incidence of multidrug resistance bacteria (MDR) has been studied to a lesser extent in Iraq. Therefore, our study aimed to collect data evaluating the...
Objectives: Polypharmacy is defined as the administration of five or more drugs at the same time or administration of excessive number of drugs. Polypharmacy is common in patients with comorbid conditions and is associated with potential harms. The increase in age is associated with increase in chronic diseases and consequently increase in the number of medication consumption to manage these...
Epithelial and stromal communications are essential for normal uterine
functions and their dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of many
diseases including infertility, endometriosis, and cancer. Although many
studies have highlighted the advantages of culturing cells in 3D compared to
the conventional 2D culture system, one of the major limitations of these
systems is the lack of...
This research concentrate on cultivated Iraqi Agave attenuata dried leaves and roots, because of little studies on this plant especially on the root that lead to the eager of study and comparison of phytochemical constituents between leaves and root. Extraction of bioactive constituents was carried out using several solvents with increasing polarity (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) by...
Abstract
Background: The use of antibiotics without prescription (self-medication) is growing globally and is associated with increased bacterial resistance, ineffective treatment and adverse reactions. This study aims at assessing the problem of antibiotic self-medication in the Iraqi population.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted in this work. The sample was...
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of meloxicam (ME), a water-low soluble analgesic., using binary and ternary solid dispersion by solvent evaporation and kneading methods. Two hydrophilic polymers, polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) and polyvinyl pyrrolidine K30(PVPK30), were used in the solid dispersion of (ME), in different drug to...
This work illustrates the synthesis of new isatin Schiff base
compounds, to acquire and study the new pharmacological effects of
them. First, isatin and its analogs 5- fluoroisatin and 5- methoxyisatin
reacted to obtain N- benzylated derivatives. This is by isatin reaction
with benzyl halide and reflux stirring to get N-benzylated derivatives;
compounds 2(a-c). Second, to get Schiff bases...
ABSTRACT:
Objective: Benzoxazole derivatives have antifungal, anticancer, antibacterial, and anticonvulsant function. Encouraged by this comment, we agreed to synthesize new Benzoxazole compounds connected to the bases of Schiff's. Methods: 2,4-diaminophenol (1) was prepared by the reaction of 2,4-dinitrophenol and sodium dithionate. Compound (1) reacted with either acetic acid to afford...
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the anti-arthritic effect of orally administered niclosamide (NCL) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats.
Materials and methods: The study included 35 Sprague Dawley rats (age range, 3 to 4 months; average weight, 100±10 g) of which seven were used as a negative control group (group A) whereas 28, in which arthritis was induced by injection of...
Background:cell lines derived from cancer cells are frequently used in research, including use as a
model to understand cancer and to identify potential new treatments. The aim of this study has been
prepared to evaluate the anticancer effect of Rhus coriaria that has been studied for their
anticancer activity on esophagus and breast cancer cell line. Method: AMJ13(new breast cancer cell...
Background:Warfarin is the most widely used treatment in the prevention and treatment of blood clots. Its use is difficult due to the limited therapeutic range and the difference in response to the standard dose from one person to another. The metabolism of warfarin is controlled genetically primarily by the CYP2C9 gene, &by the VKORC1 gene. This study is the first of its kind in Iraq in...
Objectives: the aims of this study are to evaluate the association of Aspirin resistance with Receptor of Advanced Glycation End product (RAGE) – gene polymorphism in coronary artery disease Iraqi patients with and without diabetes type 2 and to detect the prevalence of Aspirin resistance in studied population.
Patients and method: From February 2021 to October 2021, apparently healthy...
Background: The protective mechanism of vitamin D (VD) on the immune system played an important role behind many health problems including abortion. Our aim was to investigate the levels of VD and some immunomodulatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α and INF-γ) in pregnant women with threatened abortion (TA) and their effects on their obstetric health. Methods: This study including 132 pregnant...
Abstract
Patients with decompensated cirrhosis have typically prescribed a combination of therapeutic and prophylactic medications. Polypharmacy increases the probability of medication errors and drug related problems. Clinical pharmacists are highly effective at identifying, resolving, and preventing clinically important drug-related problems in their patients' care. The objectives of the...
Background: Uncontrolled hyperphosphatemia is the main difficulty facing staff treating patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Sevelamer and calcium-containing phosphate binder have been associated with cost burden and tissue calcification, respectively. Therefore, the current trial was targeted to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of a new phosphate binder, ferric...
Using herbals for treating people with herpes labialis
ABSTRACT : Life-long treatment with Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Valproate (VAP) may change metabolic pathway by affecting
the hepatic enzyme system leading to increase vascular and cardiovascular risk in epileptic patients, so this study evaluate the
effect of enzyme inducer CBZ, enzyme inhibitor VAP and non-enzyme inducer Lamotrigine (LTG) antiepileptic drugs on
serologic biomarkers and...
