Abstract
Background: The clinical utility of cisplatin as a potent chemotherapeutic agent is frequently constrained by severe acute kidney injury, primarily driven by rapid inflammatory cascades and renal functional impairment. Naturally derived monoterpenes, specifically Carvone and Citronellol, exhibit promising nephroprotective properties through their potent antioxidant and immunomodulatory mechanisms.
Objective: This study evaluated the prophylactic efficacy of Carvone and Citronellol (at 50 and 100 mg/kg) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in male Swiss albino mice, focusing specifically on functional renal biomarkers and targeted inflammatory/immunological pathways.
Method: Thirty-six adult male Swiss albino mice were allocated into six experimental groups (n=6). Animals received daily oral pre-treatments with vehicle (corn oil), Carvone, or Citronellol for four consecutive days prior to a single systemic injection of cisplatin (12 mg/kg, i.p.) on day 5. Serum and tissue samples were collected on day 8 to quantify renal function markers (Urea, Serum Creatinine, KIM-1) and inflammatory/immunological mediators (TNF-α, IL-10, IL-17).
Results: Cisplatin administration induced severe nephrotoxicity compared to the control group, characterized by marked increases in Serum Creatinine, Urea, KIM-1, TNF-α, and IL-17, alongside a significant decrease in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Remarkably, prophylactic treatment with both Carvone and Citronellol demonstrated highly favorable outcomes. Compared to the cisplatin-induction group, both monoterpene interventions significantly attenuated renal dysfunction, causing a substantial decrease in Serum Creatinine, Urea, and KIM-1 levels. Furthermore, they effectively suppressed inflammation, as evidenced by a significant decrease in TNF-α and IL-17 levels, accompanied by a marked increase in anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels back toward baseline control values.
Conclusion: Prophylactic administration of Carvone and Citronellol offers robust protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by restoring renal function and modulating key pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling molecules. These findings highlight their potential as effective adjuvant nephroprotective agents.
| Intend to be published in the IJPS ? | Yes |
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| Has the manuscript been published | not published |
