Necrosis cell injury can range from external injury to internal abnormalities. The most common causes of injurious stimulus include: Hypoxia: This can occur due to shock, or respiratory failure. Physical agents: These include external injuries such as trauma extremes of temperature, radiation exposure, or electric shock
Chemical agents: These include poisons, occupational exposure
Biological agents: bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Immunologic reactions: autoimmune responses. Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death. Apoptosis is an ordered and arranged cellular. Autophagy can selectively degrade damaged or dysfunctional organelles, remove aggregated proteins and eliminate intracellular pathogens.
