Disruption of the oral mucosa due to poor hygiene, trauma, smoking, or alcohol increases the risk of bacterial infections, including syphilis, gonorrhoea, tuberculosis, and scarlet fever gingivitis, stomatitis, and oral candidiasis. Diagnosis typically involves clinical examination, patient history, and microbiological testing, with potential imaging for deeper infections. The immune response in the mucosa against bacterial infection includes the secretion of antibodies (such as IgA) that protect the surface, as well as the activation of immune cells like macrophages and lymphocytes that work to eliminate bacteria The course emphasized the role of chlorhexidine in treating these infections, including usage instructions and potential side effects to enhance patient safety.
