Periodontal diseases are prevalent, affecting a significant portion of the global population, with higher rates in older individuals and men. Socioeconomic factors and access to dental care play a crucial role in disease prevalence. Smoking, poor oral hygiene, diabetes, and genetics are major risk factors. Periodontal diseases can have systemic health implications. Preventive measures and addressing access disparities are essential in reducing the burden of these conditions on public health and overall well-being.